Who can initiate a lawsuit in a civil case?

In a civil case, the party who initiates the lawsuit is known as the plaintiff. This individual or entity is responsible for filing the complaint, which outlines the claims being made against the other party, known as the defendant. The plaintiff seeks a legal remedy from the court, which may include compensation for damages or enforcement of rights.

This is essential in civil litigation, as the plaintiff sets the legal process in motion, presenting evidence and arguments to support their claims. The defendant, in contrast, is the party being accused or sued and typically responds to the plaintiff's claims. The judge plays a neutral role in the proceedings, ensuring that the law is applied correctly and impartially, while witnesses provide testimony to support either party's case. In summary, the ability to initiate a lawsuit rests solely with the plaintiff as they are the ones bringing the case before the court.